Image taken from: https://benchprep.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/chloroplast2.jpg
Image taken from: http://blog.canacad.ac.jp/bio/BiologyIBHL1/files/1477622.jpg
Chloroplasts
- found in mesophyll cells
- site for photosynthesis
- surrounded by double membrane called chloroplast envelope
- thylakoids are fluid-filled sacs
- a stack of thylakoids is called a granum
- stroma is a gel-like fluid that surrounds the grana
- stroma contains soluble enzymes of the Calvin cycle, sugars, organic acids, etc.
- excess carbohydrates from photosynthesis is stored as starch grains in the chloroplast
- the two main photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll and carotenoids, are embedded at the surface of thylakoid membranes
Chlorophyll
- converts light energy to chemical energy
- absorb mainly red and blue-violet light
- reflects green light which gives leaves their green colour
Carotenoids
- yellow, orange, red or brown pigments
- absorb strongly in blue-violet light
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