Friday, June 20, 2014

Biomolecules — Lipids

What are lipids?
  • lipids are insoluble in water
  • contain C, H and O
  • contain less oxygen than carbohydrates
  • made up of fatty acids and glycerol
What are fatty acids?
  • contain hydrophobic "tail" of a long hydrocarbon chain, and hydrophilic "head" which is a carboxyl group
  • can be saturated (no double bonds, no kinks) or unsaturated (double bonds and kinks in fatty acid tail)
Classification of lipids
  • simple lipids
  • compound lipids
  • steroids and sterols
Simple Lipids
  • formed by joining fatty acid with an alcohol (eg. glycerol)
  • fats (eg. triglyceride) are simple lipids
  • triglyceride structure: glycerol + 3 fatty acid tails
Compound Lipids (eg. phospholipids)
  • found in phospholipid bilayer of cell membrane
  • phospholipid structure: phosphate head + 2 fatty acid tails

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